College Application Timeline: How to Apply to College

With a dizzying number of college application components, it's hard to know where to start. To help your family stay organized and understand how to apply to college, we've put together the ultimate guide to the college application timeline. Here we'll provide expert advice on the materials required and the timeline to keep in mind.

Key Takeaways:

The college admissions process begins long before senior year. Building a strong foundation and casting a wide net in grade 9 is key to creating a more successful experience.
Choosing the right application strategy can impact how and when a student applies to college. Students should consider application deadlines, financial needs, and college choices before they begin applying to college.
Common college mistakes that can hinder a student’s chances of acceptance include procrastination, neglecting authenticity, and not reflecting on their ambitions and interests. Stay engaged and informed!

Full College Application Timeline

Freshmen and Sophomore Years (Grades 9 and 10)

The early high school years are fundamental to setting a strong foundation. These are the years when we encourage students to cast a wide net and open themselves up to exploration. Build strong academics, develop study habits, explore interests and activities, and establish rapport with teachers. Through these small but valuable efforts, steps are taken to set students up for a less stressful college application process.

College Application Timeline for Juniors (Grade 11)

Junior year is the time to kickstart the process and create a more solidified plan. Students will take standardized tests like the PSAT, SAT, and/or the ACT. In between academics, students are encouraged to research colleges and begin building out a list of potential college choices. While it may feel like college applications are light years away, it has a strange way of creeping up on students when they least expect it. Use this time to create a foolproof plan for senior year!

Fall:

Research colleges and start building a list of potential schools
Take the PSAT for National Merit Scholarship eligibility
Focus on academics and continue any involvement in extracurricular activities

Winter:

Start studying for standardized tests (ACT/SAT)
Maintain college research efforts during winter break
Plan for summer activities, work on internship applications, and research volunteering opportunities

Spring:

Visit campuses during spring break
Take the SAT or ACT (if ready)
Finish the academic year off strong!

Summer:

Take additional standardized tests (if needed)
Shortlist colleges
Create a Common App profile and start brainstorming college essay ideas

College Application Timeline for Seniors (Grade 12)

Senior year is here. Yes, graduation is on the horizon, and in a few short months, students will take the first steps toward adulthood. But now isn't the time to start slacking off. Instead, use this time to finish strong and finalize any outstanding application components.

Fall:

Finalize the Common App Personal Statement and any supplemental essays
Submit Early Action or Early Decision applications (Typically in November)
Keep track of Regular Decision or rolling admission deadlines

Winter:

Complete the Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA) and/or CSS profiles
Submit Regular Decision applications (Typically in January)
Apply for scholarships

Students who applied early may start to hear back from schools in early January. Be sure to monitor application portals and email communication from admissions representatives regarding the status of your application.

Spring:

Review offers and financial aid packages
Decide on your college by May 1
Submit your enrollment deposit and say goodbye to high school!

Summer:

Prepare for college and complete pre-enrollment requirements
Enjoy the summer break

Choosing between Early Action, Early Decision, or Regular Decision

College Application Deadlines
	Early Action	Early Decision	Regular Decision
Deadline	~November 1	~November 1	~January 1
Commitment	Non-binding	Binding	Non-binding
Number of submissions	Can apply to as many colleges	Can only apply to one college	Can apply to as many colleges

When choosing between Early Action, Early Decision, or Regular Decision, students should consider:

Application Readiness

Are your grades, test scores, and essays ready (without rushing) to be submitted by the November deadline?

Applying early requires students to plan early. This means using the summer and early fall months to complete application components. This doesn't mean students should rush their work to meet a deadline. Instead, students should only apply to colleges early if they feel confident that their application was submitted to the best of their ability. Otherwise, it may be worthwhile for students to use their remaining time to strengthen their application.

Certainty of Choice

Do you have a clear first-choice school? If so, perhaps Early Decision is the best option. If you're less certain about the college you hope to attend, Regular Decision or Early Action are more flexible routes.

Certainty of choice is also valuable for colleges. Each year, colleges work diligently to fill their campus with qualified students who want to be there. By doing this, they ensure consistent levels of academic success and student satisfaction. When applying Early Decision, for example, students demonstrate interest. In other words, applicants tell a college, "Hey, pick me. I'm 100% attending your college if accepted." Colleges love to see that. Particularly highly selective schools that take demonstrated interest into account when evaluating applicants.

Financial Aid Needs

For students hoping to compare financial aid packages before making their decision, Early Decision may not be the best choice. As a binding commitment, students take what they get, regardless of their financial circumstances. This can be very difficult for families who rely on financial aid. For this reason, Early Action or Regular Decision may be a safer option.

Understanding College Application Requirements

Most students will use the Common App to apply to colleges. The Common App is an admissions application portal where students can apply to over 1,000 colleges. Academic transcripts, personal information, and essay responses will all be housed conveniently, making it easier to keep track of progress.

Some colleges have their school-specific application portals. The most common one is the University of California system. If students choose to apply to one of the colleges listed on the Common App and one of the UCs, they will be expected to make separate accounts to apply.

In addition to application portals, different colleges have unique eligibility requirements. Here are the components to look out for:

Supplemental essays: Some colleges may request one or more essays to be submitted alongside their Personal Statement. Be sure to review all essay prompts early to have ample time to answer the question(s).
Standardized tests: Some colleges remain test-optional following the effects of COVID-19. Others have reinstated their standardized testing policies in recent years. It is up to the student to know which colleges require test scores.
Portfolios or project samples: Some majors require a collection of work or samples. Be sure to review the colleges' official websites and major requirements to learn if you will be expected to produce this supplemental information.
Interviews: Some selective colleges or majors may require interview participation from applicants. This conversation will likely take place after an application has been submitted and before an official decision is released. Take the time to review common college interview questions and answers in advance.

How to Apply to College

Applying to college can be confusing. By following these 10 steps, you'll be on the right track and feel confident about your college admissions journey.

Step #1: Build a College List

Create a balanced list of safety, target, and reach schools based on academic fit and personal preference.

Step #2: Research Application Platforms (Common App, Coalition App, and school-specific platforms)

Understand the difference between the Common App, Coalition App, and school-specific platforms and determine which platforms you'll be applying through.

Step #3: Understand College Admission Requirements

Keep track of academic, extracurricular, essay, and other admissions requirements to avoid submitting an incomplete application.

Step #4: Organize Required Materials and Transcripts

Gather all your materials including academic transcripts, essays, test scores, letters of recommendation, and other relevant information.

Step #5: Track Application Deadlines & Keep to a Timeline

Familiarize yourself with each application deadline, decide when is the ideal time to apply, and stick to a timeline to avoid missing any key dates.

Step #6: Write Your College Essays

Understand essay requirements for the Personal Statement, supplemental essays, Personal Insight Questions, and other additional essays requested by colleges.

Step #7: Get a Second Opinion & Fact Check Information

Ask a trusted friend, guardian, counselor, or peer to review your application and fact-check any personal information listed in your application.

Step #8: Submit Your Applications According to Deadlines

Upload relevant material and submit the application following the instructions in each respective portal.

Step #9: Apply for Financial Aid (if needed)

Complete the FAFSA or CSS Profile and explore available scholarships and grants while you await decisions.

Step #10: Monitor Application Status & Assess Admissions Decisions

Keep track of pending decisions. Once decisions have been released, be sure to assess admissions decisions, compare financial aid packages, and decide on your college choice.

5 Tips to Successfully Apply to College

Tip #1: Stay Organized and Start Early

Start the college application process early to minimize any last-minute stress. Early planning allows students to identify and address any gaps in their application, resulting in higher admissions odds. That's why students are encouraged to start thinking about their pathway to college as early as grade 9. Doing this gives students a chance to lay considerable groundwork for later years. Just as Rome wasn't built in a day, a strong college application needs its own tender loving care.

Utilizing organizational tools is a great way to stay on track with every application component. Tools such as spreadsheets, planners, or Collegewise's proprietary platform Flamingo, keep all your information in one place and ensure nothing slips through the cracks.

Tip #2: Proofread and Fact Check Everything

Spelling mistakes or missed information can hurt your application. So it goes without saying, but before clicking "Submit," triple-check your work. Better yet, have someone else review your application.

When it comes to any personal information—household income or family history—fact-check this with a parent or guardian. More often than not, the information submitted can either improve or hinder a student's chances of securing financial aid. For this reason, it's crucial that students do not falsify, omit, or misrepresent information.

Tip #3: Ask for Help

Lean on your personal network for support or reach out to trusted professionals for feedback and guidance. Consulting with a school counselor or working with a consultancy can help alleviate worry, keep your family on track, and increase students' chances of acceptance.

Dedicated professionals can:

Keep you organized during college application season
Help your family identify extracurricular opportunities
Leverage their network of professionals to offer behind-the-scenes admission advice
Provide essay brainstorming sessions and unbiased review
Support in navigating the FAFSA, scholarships, and financial aid
Strategic advice on high school course selection and academic acceleration

More importantly, students should seek support from their friends and family. College application preparation and even waiting for college decisions can be an emotional experience. Having a strong support system can create a less stressful experience for everyone.

Tip #4: Create an Authentic College Application

Feeling confident about big decisions can be intimidating. It's also easy to follow in the footsteps of others or do what you think others would want. But that won't lead to a fulfilling experience. Reflecting on what matters most to you (the student) will lead to a more authentic application. Avoid trying to sound impressive or write what you believe colleges want to hear. Highlight your unique qualities and why you'd be an asset to the campus.

Tip #5: Don't Skip College Research

Knowing where to apply to college is the first step to crafting a successful application. Deep dive into fields of study, campus culture, clubs, and other relevant information to help you decide which school is the ideal fit. In fact, many students reference their learnings in their supplemental essay responses. It's through these essays that admissions officers can identify if a student has taken the time to learn about their institution and demonstrate a good fit.

Common College Mistakes to Avoid

Procrastinating on Applications

Have we driven this point home yet? Procrastination can lead to a rushed college application. Ultimately diminishing a student's chances of acceptance. Students who start early have more time to break their preparation into manageable pieces and apply (and finish) early.

Not Following Instructions

Ignoring word counts, not answering questions, or missing deadlines can all lead to incomplete applications. It's important to review requirements thoroughly and ask questions if you're unsure about something.

Applying to Too Many or Too Few Colleges

Numbers aren't everything in college admissions. Sometimes applying to too many colleges can lead to burnout and lessen application quality. It can also be a costly endeavor, with students expected to pay a fee for every application submitted.

Is there such a thing as applying to too few colleges, really? Yes, there is. Not applying to enough colleges can limit a student's options. Even the most confident of students should create a balanced list of safety, target, and reach schools.

What's the ideal number of colleges you should apply to? While the answer may change depending on a myriad of factors, a sweet spot is anywhere between 8-12 colleges.

Underestimating the Importance of Essays

Academic transcripts are only one piece of the puzzle. They fail to communicate who a student is outside the classroom—their interests, passions, and hobbies. It's also one of the few areas in the college application where students have full control over the story they hope to tell. Submitting thoughtful essays gives admissions officers a glimpse into who you are and why you're the right fit for their college. Take the time to reflect on your high school experience and how that might fit into your larger college application.

Neglecting to Check their Application Portal or Status

Far too often do students submit their application and forget about it. That's a surefire way to miss important emails, deadlines, or other communication related to the status of your application. Make it a habit to check emails regularly, log into your portal, or browse a college's website. Admissions officers may send emails requesting more information or to set up an interview with students. Students risk forfeiting their candidacy when failing to stay on top of college updates.

Frequently Asked College Admissions Questions (And Answers)

1. Do I need to take the SAT or ACT?

Deciding between the SAT or ACT is entirely up to the student. Students should take practice tests to identify which test they have a higher chance of success with. Colleges will not penalize students for submitting one test over the other.

Schedule a free diagnostic test with Collegewise today!

2. How many colleges should I apply to?

As mentioned earlier, 8-12 colleges are the sweet spot we recommend to students. Applying to too many colleges is not only expensive but can be a time-consuming endeavor. Not applying to enough colleges can limit your chances of acceptance.

3. Do colleges care about senior year grades?

While senior year grades aren’t as important as grades 9, 10, or 11, they still matter. In some cases, colleges may defer students while they wait to receive senior year grades or other relevant information that can help them make their decision.

4. What is demonstrated interest, and do colleges care?

Yes, colleges (even the most highly selective) care about demonstrated interest. It’s one of the reasons they request supplemental essay responses from students. Demonstrating interest in a particular college lets admissions readers know you’re all in for their institution.

About Us: With more than 25 years of experience, Collegewise counselors and tutors are at the forefront of the ever-evolving admissions landscape. Our work has always centered on you: the family. And just like we’ve always done, we look for ways for your student to be their best self - whether in the classroom, the applications, or in the right-fit college environment. Our range of counseling, test prep, academic tutoring, and essay management, all with the support of our proprietary platform, lead to 4x higher than average admissions rates.